Newton, co-founder of the BPP with Bobby Seale, was raised in poverty in Oakland and attended Oakland public schools. federal government and local law enforcement to destroy its structure and either assassinate or immobilize its members-an effort that continues to the present day, with dozens of former Panthers still incarcerated. 7 Ultimately, the Black Panther Party’s influence and power provoked a frenzied effort by the U.S. At its height, the BPP encompassed 68 chapters in the United States, it established an international branch in Algeria and trained with operatives in the Congo, and it formed coalitions with political organizations in Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa, North and South Vietnam, North Korea, Japan, the People’s Republic of China, India, Uruguay, Peru, Nicaragua, Cuba, Palestine, Iraq, Israel, Australia, and throughout Europe. The Black Panther Party was the last and perhaps most significant, domestically-based left revolutionary political organization to challenge American imperialism. Each of the concepts is in need of definition and redefinition.” 6 “The logic of the thesis of intercommunalism is: imperialism leads to ‘reactionary intercommunalism’ to ‘revolutionary intercommunalism’ to pure communism and anarchy. 5 It is now reproduced here, available to the public at large for the first time, accompanied by this introduction. Collection (1968-1994), held in archive in Stanford University’s Special Collections. This text had until now been available only through access to the Dr. 4 Portions of the material of this main speech, the subsequent Q&A, and other writings of Newton’s were later combined, recomposed, and expanded upon under the title of “Intercommunalism” in 1974, the same year that he completed his bachelor’s degree and fled temporarily to Cuba. 3 As a philosophical foundation for his remarks on intercommunalism, that introductory speech included an engagement with the work of Hegel, Marx, Freud, Jung, Kant, Pierce, and James, among others. 2 Newton’s opening remarks at Yale lasted over an hour but were reduced to about ten pages in the subsequently published In Search of Common Ground. 1 He later expanded on this theory before an audience at Boston College in November of that year, and then again In February 1971 during a joint talk he gave with psychologist Erik Erikson across several days at Yale University and later in Oakland. Newton, co-founder of the Black Panther Party (BPP), introduced his theory of intercommunalism at the Revolutionary People’s Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia. Newton is facing his third trial on charges of killing a police officer. Black Panther leader Huey Newton holds a press conference in San Francisco after returning from a meeting with Chinese Premier Chou En-lai in China.
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